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                  <text>Donegal</text>
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          <name>1 Name of well and saint</name>
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              <text>St. Cooey's Well</text>
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          <name>2 Townland, County, GPS</name>
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              <text>Portaferry, County Down</text>
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          <name>3 Physical description of well and its surroundings</name>
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              <text>Based on a 7th century monastic site. The well has been restored by the local community in the 1970s. It has a thorn tree where ribbons are tied. Also three stations named Wash, Eyes, and Drink.</text>
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          <name>4 Cure</name>
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              <text>It is believed that drinking the water has healing properties.</text>
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              <text>Ribbons are tied on the tree. Stones are also left at a stone table/shelter</text>
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          <name>9 Publications</name>
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              <text>There are several online reviews with information including &#13;
the local parish https://portaferryparish.com/churches/temple-cooey-wells</text>
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          <name>10 More</name>
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              <text>Beautiful quiet site on the coast. Accessible by steep steps and also a longer flat path.</text>
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                <text>St. Cooey's Well</text>
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        <name>eyes</name>
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        <name>near sea</name>
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        <name>thorn tree</name>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Limerick</text>
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              <text>St. Brigid's Well</text>
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          <name>2 Townland, County, GPS</name>
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              <text>Kilbreedy, County Limerick</text>
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          <name>3 Physical description of well and its surroundings</name>
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              <text>The well is a clear spring surrounded by a stone wall. A statue of St. Brigid stands over the well and a small tree carrying many rags is beside it.</text>
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              <text>Said to be effective in curing eye diseases. One must wash their eyes with the water from the well and pray at the well.</text>
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          <name>5 Pattern day</name>
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              <text>1st of February &#13;
&#13;
Pilgrims would circumnavigate the well nine times, dropping a small stone after each rotation. After finishing the rounds they kneel on top of the well and say their prayers.</text>
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              <text>The Schools' folklore collection. Vol 0505, 012a</text>
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                <text>St. Brigid's Well</text>
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        <name>Brigid</name>
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                  <text>Kerry</text>
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              <text>Tobar na Fearna</text>
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              <text>Mishells</text>
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              <text>This well is in the form of a tree with the water seeping around the roots possibly being the remnants of the well. There are large stones around the tree with one of them possibly having a cross carved into it.</text>
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          <name>4 Cure</name>
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              <text>This holy well can help cure eye ailments.</text>
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          <name>9 Publications</name>
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              <text>Clarke, Amanda. “Gazetteer.” Holy Wells of Cork &amp;amp; Kerry, 29 Mar. 2022, https://holywellscorkandkerry.com/gazetteer/. </text>
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                <text>Tobar na Fearna</text>
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              <text>St. Flainn's well also honors the Blessed Virgin Mary</text>
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          <name>2 Townland, County, GPS</name>
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              <text>Cloonnafinneela, Kerry</text>
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              <text>"The well is surrounded by a wall and over it grows a large yew tree which is laden with offerings and decorated with beautiful flowers." (SFC 0412:221) It is also said that the well is on a hill near the river Rae and that the ruins of Saint Flainn's hermitage are close by. A statue of teh Blessed Virgin Mary is part of the site shrine. (See Amanda Clarke's description:https://holywellscorkandkerry.com/2019/11/03/signage-paths-no-cows-three-wells-in-north-kerry/)</text>
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          <name>4 Cure</name>
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              <text>The holy well contains a cure for blindness. (SFC 0412:221)</text>
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          <name>5 Pattern day</name>
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              <text>April 30th, or May Eve, is the pattern day associated with St. Flainn's well. It is celebrated with an open air mass and a procession from a church close by called St Mary's along the river and to the well. (Clark, 2019: https://holywellscorkandkerry.com/2019/11/03/signage-paths-no-cows-three-wells-in-north-kerry/)</text>
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          <name>6 Offerings</name>
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              <text>Flowers, figurines, and rosaries are left by the statue of the Virgin Mary on top of the well. It is also said that votives are left on the yew tree close to the well. (SFC 0412:221)</text>
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          <name>7 Prayer rounds and stations</name>
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              <text>"When saying the Rosary a person should begin at the well and proceed to the right up a little hill and round the well and then finish it at the well." (SFC 0412:221)</text>
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          <name>8 Stories</name>
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              <text>The most common story about this well seems to be its origin story: A man called Saint Flainn became blind in his old age and, because of his devotion to her, the Virgin Mary came to him and offered him the cure to his blindness. Instead of accepting this healing and regaining his sight he asked that cure be put into the well so that many people after him could be cured of their eye ailments instead. (Kilflynn; GoKerry.ie)</text>
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              <text>Galvin, John. A Social History of Rural Ireland of the 1950s: Remembering Crotta</text>
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                <text>St. Flainn's Well</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Waterford</text>
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      <name>Description of Well</name>
      <description>This includes well name, saint associated with well, location of well, townland, county, etc</description>
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          <name>1 Name of well and saint</name>
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              <text>St. Declan's Well, Toor</text>
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          <name>2 Townland, County, GPS</name>
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              <text>Toor, Co. Waterford </text>
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          <name>3 Physical description of well and its surroundings</name>
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              <text>The well can be found off R671 towards Clonmel for 5km and it is signposted under “The Holy Well.”  Josephine and Jerry Fitzgerald contributed to the many plaques that are there. There is a statue of saint Declan and a plaque that reads much about Saint Declan’s contributions. A statue of Mary stands nearby with two stone crucifixes. A stone altar is above and a pulpit is nearby for outdoor services. &#13;
(Broderick 2016: 45). </text>
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          <name>4 Cure</name>
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              <text> People who visit the site must visit three times in order to be cured. Many wash their limbs, as the well is believed to have curative properties for skin ailments. It is also believed to cure eye ailments as well (Broderick 2016: 45).  Those wishing to bathe an afflicted portion of the body are asked to bathe in a small shielded area to which the well flows and water used for washing then flows away. Washing is not undertaken at the main font.</text>
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          <name>5 Pattern day</name>
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              <text> The pattern day is celebrated on July 24, and mass is celebrated at the site. Rounds are also done as part of the pattern day ritual. </text>
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          <name>6 Offerings</name>
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              <text>There is evidence of offerings deposited at the site. These include flowers and plastic flowers, rosary beads, rags, shoe laces, ties, and towels. The rags and towels are tied to a nearby bush. There is a wooden cross nearby where people hang rosary beads. </text>
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              <text> The well does observe a long standing pilgrimage tradition, and people do a round at the well reciting the rosary. Many also wash their limbs in a nearby trough as part of the ritual. </text>
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              <text> Stories say that St. Declan stopped at this well himself for a drink on his way to Cashel. Much of its upkeep in the mid 20th century was due to the Fitzgeralds and their plaque contributions. These nearby crucifixes and pulpit are Church-approved forms of piety at the well and speak to modern traditions (Broderick 2016: 45). </text>
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              <text> Broderick, Eugene. 2016. Patterns and Patrons: The Holy Wells of Waterford. 45.&#13;
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              <text>The photo is courtesy of Medieval Pilgrimages Ireland (2012), accessed 7 April 2021. </text>
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              <text>Rosaries were once tied to the crab apple tree that grew above the well. Close to 100 years ago, children from the village would throw rocks at the tree to knock down the apples, but the rocks would then fall into the surrounding field. The farmer who owned the land (Mr. Kiely) became angry at the children because one of their rocks had fallen into the hay he was cutting and had broken his scythe when he went to cut the hay. He cut the tree down and threw it into the corner of the field before dying several months later from unknown causes. The well dried for several days after the man cut down the tree, and now dries each summer. </text>
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              <text>It is said that the well lost its curative nature after an unknown woman washed her clothing in the well's waters . </text>
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              <text>Eugene Broderick (2016)  Broderick, Eugene. 2016. Patterns and Patrons: The Holy Wells of Waterford. (p.52)&#13;
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              <text>This site was deemed to be significant to the life of St. Cathaldus by an Italian delegation in the year 2000 who visited Canty in order to honor the saint. </text>
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              <text>The well is a small opening covered by a white stone superstructure. The superstructure is rectangular  on the interior were pilgrims can access the well water. Another small opening is carved into the top of the superstructure, most likely intended to hold votive offerings. Several stone steps lead into the well, and the site is hidden in a field close to the boundary ditch between properties. </text>
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              <text>Eugene Broderick notes: Votives were once deposited on a large tree near the well. Red, green, and blue rags were torn from the clothing of pilgrims and tied around the tree's branches in order to leave the year's sickness behind, but the tree no longer exists and therefore the votives are no longer left behind. </text>
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              <text>Legend states that 3 houses were build on the grounds that used to be included in the prayer rounds. After the houses were built, the owners never experienced another day of luck. Another legend states that a woman drowned in the well after bending to drink its water. </text>
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              <text>Toberahulla is located directly under a large tree. Several wooden altars have been placed on this tree in order to hold crucifixes and figures of individual saints. A mountain stream runs next to the road near the field before flowing into the well. The waters then combine and flow into the nearby Blackwater river. There are two stone steps leading into the well for pilgrims to access the well water. </text>
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              <text>One of the first alleged cures occurred when a man from Castlelyons in County Cork visited the well on the eve of the feast day in order to cure his deformed feet. The man stayed at the well all night, and found himself able to walk freely the following day. The well is said to cure a variety of physical ailments, including deformities and eye injuries. </text>
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              <text>The pattern day is celebrated on September 29th. Many pilgrims from several counties used to visit the site, but attendance was discouraged from the years 1838 to 1866 by Fr. Fogarty of Lismore following several brawls between rivaling communities. A revival occurred during the 20th century,  and it became common for vendors to sell sweets during the pattern day. The celebration would be supplemented with alcohol and dancing, but now only local people celebrate the pattern day. </text>
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              <text>Celebrations would begin 9 days before the pattern day in order for pilgrims to prepare for their rounds. Pilgrims would pray and then walk through the nearby stream, wash their hands and face, then dance at the nearby crossroad until midnight. Individuals with severe diseases would stay at the well all night in hopes of amplifying the effect of their cure. </text>
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              <text>According to legend, fighting between pilgrims on one pattern day was so intense that the nearby stream ran red with blood. From that moment on, some pilgrim refer to the well as Tobar na Fola (The Well of Blood). Another legend states that a young woman with an eye affliction washer her eyes in the water after visiting the site with her mother. The two prayed, washed again, and realized that the little girl was able to see the lights of the houses in the distance. After another round of prayer and washing, the girl's site was fully regained. </text>
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              <text>Holy Cross Well,  Kilwatermoy </text>
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              <text>The well is 100 meters east of the old parish church ruins in the townland.  No other information was found. </text>
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              <text> It is said that one must wash their eyes and ears in the well, which may be indicative of its curative powers to eyesight and hearing.  </text>
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              <text>It is observed on the feast day which is 14 September. A mass is celebrated in the church afterwards and as of the 1950s, the pattern day was still observed. </text>
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              <text> Rounds are made on the feast day, and as of the 1950s they were still being made. Pilgrims kneel at each corner and say a Hail Mary, Our Father, and "Glory as one round," for a total of five rounds made (SFC 0637:346). </text>
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              <text>According to the Schools Folklore Collection, “long ago feasts used to be held on this day at which vendors selling sweets and all classes of confectionery used to attend” (SFC 0637:346).  &#13;
&#13;
People also believed that there was a genus loci fish in this well, and if removed, the water a pilgrim had taken back to boil will not boil until the fish is returned back to its resting place.&#13;
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              <text> Broderick, Eugene. 2016. Patterns and Patrons: The Holy Wells of Waterford. &#13;
Schools Folklore Collection. 0637:345-346. </text>
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              <text>Tobar Cholmcille  (St Columba’s Well), dedicated to St. Colmcille</text>
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              <text>The well is situated in the Blackwater area of County Waterford, and is considered to be a more well-known well in the county. Nearby there was once a bullaun stone and a carved head in a canopy, but these are considered to be no longer visible to visitors (Broderick, 2016: 46-47).   &#13;
. &#13;
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              <text>This well is said to cure sore eyes and poor eyesight. Many who make pilgrimage to the site will apply the water to the eyes, or take it back home for its curative properties.</text>
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              <text> It notes that the saint’s feast day is June 9, but it is unclear as to whether the pattern day is observed on that date currently. </text>
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              <text>According to Broderick, you must pay nine visits to the site if a person desires a cure before sunrise. If one sees a trout the morning of the ninth visit, it is a sign that the visitor will be cured of their ailments (Broderick,2016: 46-47).   &#13;
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              <text>A local man who worked in the area verified the sanctity of the well. He took the water home to boil and it did not get hot, but he saw the trout in the legend. When he went to return it and came back with more water, it boiled. There was no harm done to the man, the legend notes, because this encounter was accidental.&#13;
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              <text> Broderick, Eugene. 2016. Patterns and Patrons: The Holy Wells of Waterford. &#13;
&#13;
http://snap.waterfordcoco.ie/collections/ebooks/106325/106325.pdf&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
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              <text>Colmcille is considered a great early Irish saint and is considered the reason Christianity was brought to Scotland and founded the abbey at Iona. He died in 597. &#13;
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              <text>The well is currently abandoned.&#13;
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&#13;
(Clarke, 2018, https://holywellscorkandkerry.com/2018/08/20/trees-saints-cats-cake/)&#13;
&#13;
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(Clarke, 2018, https://holywellscorkandkerry.com/2018/08/20/trees-saints-cats-cake/)&#13;
&#13;
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              <text>“Rounds were paid throughout the year but especially on Good Friday.”&#13;
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(Clarke, 2018, https://holywellscorkandkerry.com/2018/08/20/trees-saints-cats-cake/)&#13;
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&#13;
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              <text>The well is enclosed by an earthy wall, with grass, Fuchsia bushes, and a stone pillar gate protecting the well. The well is coffin shaped and flush with the ground with a decorative window and the words "Marian Year 1954" written on the well in white pebbles.  There is a blue PVC shelf below the white window with a small set of offerings to the Blessed Virgin Mary. Flower pots and other decorations are at the site.. A circular path surrounds the well with the intention of paying rounds clockwise. In front of and behind the well run channels to route the well overflow down the hill on which it sits.</text>
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              <text>According to the School's Folklore Collection, there is one famous account of the well within the community: "One night a man called Barry went hunting a horse and he broke his leg. He was a long time lying on a settle bed near the fire and was not improving. There was a blessed well on the top of Cnoc an Óir, the name of it was Tobar na Croidhe (Well of the Bush). His mother took him on her back to this well, she brought home the moss of the well and rubbed it to his leg. She took him three times afterwards, and the third time he could walk it down. It never played on him again. His brother was sewing harness with a straddle needle. When he was pulling it out it stuck in his eye and blood spouted out of it. His mother took him to the same well and rubbed the moss to his eye. The third day he said to her I can see a trout in the bottom of the well. From that day out his eye was alright"</text>
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              <text>This well rests right at the coastal water line in a hollow lined with big round stones. Despite the waves occasionally depositing sand, shells, stones, and more into the well, the water remains fresh. As of 1998, Mr. John Sarsfield cleans out the well in the winter, and takes care of it during the summer. He also collects the offerings, which range from  stones and shells, to buttons, pins, religious medals, and more. He leaves candles for the the well's visitors (Connolly and Moroney, 1998) (Conlon, 2000). </text>
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              <text>People still visit the well for eye cures, which recent cures reported. In the past, the water was said to cure malarial fever and other diseases (Connolly and Moroney, 1998) (The Schools Collection).</text>
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              <text>Up to a century ago, "annual pattern took place at the well on the 7th of June, the feast of Saint Colman. The well was visited and from there a procession went to Salterstown Church and graveyard" (Moroney and Connolly, 1998). </text>
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              <text>As mentioned previously, people leave stones, shells, beaded necklaces, pins, religious medals and more (Connolly and Moroney, 1998) (Conlon, 2000). It is also said that any people who take the offerings in ill will will confer the disease of the person who put the offering there (The Schools Collection).</text>
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              <text>According to the Schools Collection, a saint (likely Saint Colman, although it is unclear) and a chief, who didn't believe the saint was doing enough, went head-to-head at this spot. Upon being proven wrong by divine intervention involving the chief standing on one side of the scale, and a "God Bless You" spoken to the other side of the scale by the saint, the chief asked to be baptized then and there. Because there was no freshwater, the saint struck a rock with his staff and "there issued immediately forth a strong stream of water" (The Schools Collection)</text>
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              <text>"Holy Wells of County Louth" by Larry Conlon (2000)&#13;
The Schools Collection, Volume 0671, page 151-153: https://www.duchas.ie/en/cbes/5008858/4961378&#13;
"Stone and Tree Sheltering Water: An Exploration of Sacred and Secular Wells in County Louth" by Susan Connolly and Anne-Marie  Moroney (1998)</text>
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              <text>St. Eoin's well is a circular well filled with clear water located in a field with a small wooden fence around it. It is below ground, surrounded by stone and has a shrine with a Virgin Mary statue near it.</text>
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              <text>The well is said to hold a cure for sore eyes and rheumatism. The cure is obtained by "...drink[ing] the well-water. They never bathe in the well but they rub it to the affected part." (SFC, 0403:039)</text>
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              <text>Offerings include string/pieces of cloth, pictures of saint john, and medals. The cloth is tied to a bush which grows close to the well. </text>
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              <text>"You should go round the well three times and say a rosary while you are going around. This should be done three times." (SFC, 0403:038)</text>
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              <text>One story from the School Folklore Collection is as follows: "One day as St. Eóin was saying Mass by the well the priest hunters came along. The people got afraid but St. Eóin told them not to be afraid and when he had Mass finished he mounted his horse and the horse rose up into the air and came down on top of Cnoc an Áir." (SFC, 0403:038)&#13;
Another story also from the School Folklore Collection: "One day a man who was blind in one eye went to the well and started to do the rounds. When he had the rounds finished he washed his eye with the water from the well. After a while the eye was cured and when he opened his eye he saw the lump that was in it swimming in the water, and after a while a fish came to the top of he water and carried the lump away with him." (SFC, 0403:104)&#13;
And another from Dwelling, Place and Environment, written by Walter G Brenneman: "On the eve of her wedding she went to meditate at St Eoin’s well. She sat on the grass before the well, and out from out of a nearby bush there sprung a golden trout, moving on its tail as a salmon skims the across the surface of the water. The trout leapt into the water and disappeared. From the spot where he disappeared, there arose a continuous stream of bubbles. These are considered to be full of power and no doubt refer back to the na bolcca immaiss, or mystic bubble of inspiration of the Well of Segais." (ed David Saemon, Robert Mugerauer,1985)&#13;
&#13;
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              <text>https://www.duchas.ie/en/cbes/4666582?pageNum=038&#13;
https://holywellscorkandkerry.com/2020/03/01/north-kerry-escapade-part-2/&#13;
 David Saemon and Robert Mugerauer, Dwelling, Place, and Environment, 1985</text>
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              <text>Picture from Clarke at https://holywellscorkandkerry.com/2020/03/01/north-kerry-escapade-part-2/</text>
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              <text>The well is located at a site of an old monastery said to be build by the saints. While the building no longer stands, there are small relics of the structure, near its location. There is also a large tree said to stand at the site of the original altar built in the monastery. </text>
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              <text>Pilgrims are to make nine rounds around the well In doing this, they walk without shoes through a shallow stream that contains water from the well. Pilgrims will also carry a small stone with them and then place it on a heap of rocks once they had finished their rounds. </text>
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              <text> It is said that there were two small trout that lived in the well, and that these fish were the embodiment of Saints Cuan and Brogan. Once, a man from outside the village tried to steal the fish and was promptly chased by the villagers until he dropped the fish. </text>
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              <text>Broderick, Eugene. 2016. Patterns and Patrons: The Holy Wells of Waterford. &#13;
The Schools’ Collection, Volume 0633, Page 374&#13;
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A spring-fed pond about 40 feet diameter which flows into the Fion Abha River"&#13;
Mass is said here adn the altar is regularly maintained by local volunteers. The land owner turns lights on every evening for those who pray during the night with special concerns.</text>
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              <text>Sore eyes; blindness.&#13;
&#13;
Amanda Clarke delivers a story about a blind man from Tipperary who dreamed of this well three nights in a row, and after three visits to the well he can see again.&#13;
&#13;
"A cripple leaves her crutch there for all to see and walks away. A girl has her hair restored by washing in the well, an eight-year old child begins to talk, a woman has her finger straightened, and American gets relief from arthritis, a priest has a speech-impediment cured. An invalid thirty years in bed gets up and walks again after she has donated the stones for the building of the Grotto"&#13;
&#13;
(Clarke, 2016, https://holywellscorkandkerry.com/2016/05/02/two-wells-for-bealtine/)</text>
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              <text>rosary beads, regularl cleanings keep the site free of votive accumulations</text>
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              <text>Amanda Clarke has these as "The traditional round dates consists of three visits to the well any Thursday, Friday or Saturday of May. Say a Rosary each day beginning at the Grotto and continue circling the well. Break the Rosary three times at the Grotto to ask Our Lady for request. Finish with six paters, Aves and Glorias. The ceremony ends in the drinking of water from the well. Receive Holy Communion following Sunday. If visiting only one day – say the fifteen decades on that visit, the six paters etc. and receive Holy Communion on Sunday. The rounds are always conducted sunwise ie clockwise and an annual Mass is still held here – this year it will be conducted on the 27th May" (Clarke, 2016, https://holywellscorkandkerry.com/2016/05/02/two-wells-for-bealtine/)</text>
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              <text>The well "may be ancient but it nearly fell into disuse. A law passed during the reign of Queen Anne (1701-14)  prescribed a pubic whipping for those who dared visit holy wells and Tubrid was subsequently almost abandoned. However, the story goes that it was rediscovered during the 1930s when a blind man dreamt that he would be cured if he visited the well. He had the same dream for three nights and was eventually brought to the well and after three visits his sight was restored"&#13;
&#13;
"One summer’s day in May a mad cow came along the Killarney Road bellowing. When she came to the cross she faced down the bog. After a while she rooted with her legs and horns.  She left again in the evening and went west. It was said she had come from Castlemaine. When people went down they found a stream of water where she had been rooting. The first man who went to the well was a blind man from Tipperary. He had a dream on three nights that he would be cured if he visited the well. Which was by another name Tubber na mo Mingnon mon Clare na Blaogh which means tubber of the bogs beneath the fogs of Clare, He went with his friend O Leary from Coomlegane. They went on horseback to the well. On the first night after paying the round the blind man  asked is that gravel.  On the second night he asked is that a horse. On the (third) night he was cured. The waters are especially good for sight. The prayers to be said are five Our Fathers and five Hail Marys and five Glorys."&#13;
&#13;
(Clarke, 2016, https://holywellscorkandkerry.com/2016/05/02/two-wells-for-bealtine/)</text>
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              <text>https://holywellscorkandkerry.com/2016/05/02/two-wells-for-bealtine/&#13;
http://www.millstreet.ie/blog/history/tubrid-well&#13;
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              <text>On May Sundays, 300 to 400 people of all ages visit the well. &#13;
The well is stewarded by James O Sullivan, who's family has stewarded the well for generations.&#13;
The well has its own Facebook page</text>
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              <text>This well is very close to the reservoir at Barnattin, and permission to visit must be obtained from Mr. Eamon Briscoe, as of 1998. The spring source is very strong, despite multiple drainage pipes that draw water from the lush site. Ash trees and hawthorn trees, both old and young, guard the site. In the summer, it is described as quite beautiful, where one can see "the light dance and move in the breeze" (Connolly and Moroney, 1998).</text>
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              <text>Though it is supposed to have cured many ailments, but sore eyes were mentioned specifically (Connolly and Moroney, 1998) (The School Collection). A piece of the "guardian" tree of this well (more information in the story) was supposed to be a cure for toothaches (The Schools Collection).</text>
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              <text>This well has reportedly moved positions overnight. The story goes that "a local butcher, Patty Sloan, who, despite repeated warnings, polluted the wells by washing the entrails of animals in the water. One night, the well, accompanied by a huge ash tree with hundreds of lighted candles on it, was seen to move through the air, from Balgatheran Townland in Mellifont Parish across the little stream to Killineer Townland, where it settled. The late miss Kathleen Pentony, born 1900, recalled neighbors whose daughter had witness this event. The butcher, stricken by an infirmity, was unable to continue with his work" (Connolly and Moroney, 1998)&#13;
&#13;
Despite a severe drought in 1995, the well continued to flow, quenching the thirst of nearby cattle (Connolly and Moroney, 1998).</text>
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              <text>"Stone and Tree Sheltering Water: An Exploration of Sacred and Secular Wells in County Louth" by Susan Connolly and Anne-Marie Moroney (1998)&#13;
The Schools Collection, Volume 0679, pagg 065. </text>
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              <text>A mug used to be kept there to allow visitors to drink from the spring is no longer there. (Connolly and Moroney, 1998)</text>
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              <text>Today the well is capped and inaccessible. In the 18th century, the well was walled and covered by an arch of stone. Water gushed out from a slaty rock and through a round hole cut into it 2ft in diameter and 1.5ft deep. An avenue of sycamore trees led up to the well. &#13;
(Clarke 2021: https://holywellscorkandkerry.com/2021/01/30/cork-city-wells-revisited/)</text>
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https://togherhistoricalassociation.blogspot.com/2015/07/15th-field-research-trip-5th-july-2015.html&#13;
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              <text>St Brigid’s Well, Eye Well.  Positioned somewhere where Southwell Road is in Bangor, Co Down. Stream ran past Bangor Abbey and along where Southwell Road before going into the sea.&#13;
&#13;
Holy Well in Donaghadee was situated behind the Catholic Church in High Street. It was known locally as Kaddy’s or Keedy’s Well The church was built in the 1845 but bombed on 26 August 1972.  It lay a ruin until sold and demolished in 2007. Youth for Christ Charity shop now there and well was covered up. Bangor and Donaghadee are in Co Down. &#13;
&#13;
Just outside Donaghadee on Milisle Road there is an old cemetery, at Templepatrick.  There used to be a well there </text>
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              <text>The legend about the Bangor one is that St Columba also known as Colmcille paid a visit to Bangor Abbey.  He left a monk minding his boat after he landed at Bangor Bay. St Comgall, abbot and founder of Bangor Abbey came down to the shore following the stream.  He invited the monk up to the abbey.  On the way he noticed the monk was blind in one eye.  He bathed the eye in water from the Holy Well and the monk’s eye was healed.  An old Thorn  Tree was beside the well. </text>
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              <text>Is the derivation of Donaghadee Domhnach  Caoide Caidin’s Church? Would fit in with Kaddy’s Well .  A local Donaghadee man has wondered about that. </text>
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              <text>Houlihan, Michael. 2015. The Holy Wells of County Clare. Castleisland, Co. Kerry: Walsh Colour Print.</text>
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              <text>Branigan records that the well “is located on Lilliput Lane, just off Boot Road in Clondalkin. It is situated in a large enclosure that is maintained in a very good order and includes a statue of the saint and highly festooned rag tree of ash…The stone structure around it dates from 1761, and the railings were donated by workers from the Clondalkin Paper Mills in 1940” (Branigan 2012: 84). </text>
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              <text>1 February. Branigan notes that “three visits are required for it to be successful. The cure is particularly effective for young girls” (Branigan 2012: 84). </text>
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              <text>“Unfortunately, during road-widening operations in the 1990s, the source of the well was severed and it dried up for the first time. It was then connected to the mains water supply and it is this that flows at the site” (Branigan 2012: 85). </text>
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              <text>“The spring of St Catherine’s Well rose beneath the kitchen floor of a house in Millbourne Avenue, Drumcondra, and from there it was culverted to a rustic pointed well chamber built onto the side of the house itself. When the house was demolished, the municipal authorities took great care to protect the well and preserve it within a section of ornamental shrubbery, but both have now disappeared and its present location is along the main walkway in Griffith Park…[no] surface remains of the well exist, but a brass plaque attached to the railings of the park [are the] approximate location as being the site of the well” (Branigan 2012: 71-72). </text>
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              <text>Cures eye disorders, whooping cough, toothache. Branigan notes that to obtain a cure, “water was drunk from a skull, strongly pointing to pre-Christian practice” (Branigan 2012: 71). </text>
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              <text>Branigan notes that it is believed “that the original site was closer to the church but it was diverted to this location in the eighteenth century. A broken pump stands on the site of the well, behind which is a […] alcove with two marble plaques bearing the following inscriptions: &#13;
&#13;
[…] said whoever drinketh of this water shall thirst again, but whosoever drinketh of the water that I shall give them shall never thirst again. John 4, 14. &#13;
&#13;
[…] shall lead them unto living fountains of water and God shall wipe away all the tears of their eyes. Apocalypse 7, 17” &#13;
&#13;
(Branigan 2012: 70). &#13;
&#13;
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              <text>Branigan notes that the well “is located down a small lane on Mellowe’s Crescent just outside Finglas [Lane]. It is in poor condition and has a large cage erected over it with a gate [to prevent the] vandalism and anti-social behavior that occurred here. This is evident from its present condition” (Branigan 2012: 66-67). </text>
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              <text>According to Branigan, “a pattern was held on St Patrick’s Day in previous times” (Branigan 2012: 67). </text>
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              <text>“In the 1760s, a Philip Joyce from Kilkenny, posing as Dr Achmet Borumborad from Turkey, was successful in obtaining a Government Grant to develop the well into a spa, but his true identity was discovered soon afterwards and his plans did not go ahead. </text>
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              <text>“The key can be obtained by application via the local Dublin City Council offices to the Parks Department, and visits to the well will be accompanied by a staff member” (Branigan 2012: 67). </text>
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              <text>Branigan notes that “St Mary’s Well is located within the grounds of the late medieval graveyard of Balscadden … and of Tobertown, adjacent to Balscadden National School. The overall structure is teardrop shaped, and is constructed of stone and mortar with four [steps] leading down from ground level to the water, which is perfectly stagnant. There is also [a] crack up both sides of the structure. Up until recently the well frequently flooded the [area] until remedial works were carried out to pipe surplus water away…In previous years a hawthorn overhung the well and was used as a rag tree, but this is no longer present” (Branigan 2012: 58). </text>
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              <text>This well “is located on lands belonging to Tobersool House in Tobersool Lane. Access is gained via a rusted stile, currently overgrown, in the corner of a field under tillage. Its exact location is within a small conspicuous clump of fir, hawthorn, and holly. The well itself is a small rectangular dry-stone structure in a slight hollow within this dump of trees. The top of the stones have been mortared in recent times to allow the placing of a corrugated iron sheet to preserve the quality of the water. The water is clean and flowing” (Branigan 2012: 57). </text>
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              <text>Branigan notes that the well “is widely known as Tobersool, being the phonetic Anglicisation of the Irish Tobar Shúil which translates as ‘Well of the Eye’; this evidences the tradition that it holds the cure for disorders of the eyes. It is also known locally as the Eye Well or St Brigid’s Well, though less commonly” (Branigan 2012: 57). </text>
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              <text>The well “is located on lands belonging to Hillcrest House…opposite of the road to this house in the far north-west corner of a field…the well is a clear spring, roughly enclosed by unworked stones, at the base of a very large tree, which previously served as a rag tree. Nearby are the very ruinous remains of an old tower house and the site of a chapel” (Branigan 2012: 54). </text>
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              <text>Power notes that the well ""no longer survives. Another holy well (2667) of same name, 180m to E, still survives” (Power, 1993: 281). </text>
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              <text>The well is located “at Johnstown House, Enfield. There was a Brigidine convent nearby in the early medieval times. The well is located in a small copse about 200 yards south of the house and not far from the Blackwater River. In the 1930s a description said it was a fine deep well containing the purest of spring water. It is partially covered over by a large flat stone. The flagstone was shattered in the 1950s when a tree fell on it. In 1969 a pump house was erected over the well and the water was used for domestic purposes” (French 2012: 29). </text>
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&#13;
“A school child in the 1930s recalled that an old resident said that she was often sent by her mother to the well for the soft white said to scour stools, chairs and other wooden furniture” (French 2012: 29). &#13;
&#13;
“There is supposed to be a curse attached to the Johnstown House, namely that the owner never lives to see his eldest son come of age” (French 2012: 29-30). &#13;
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              <text>The well is located “in the parish of Collon, about two miles south of Collon and a quarter of a mile from the Slane-Collon Road. In Glasallen townland St Colmcille’s Well was situated in a beautiful valley and is marked as a spring on the OS maps” (French 2012: 18). Additionally, “the well was a deep spring well about five feet in diameter. The well was surrounded by white-thorn trees and stood a little way away from a field boundary…The well was covered by a large flagstone and flags formed steps down to the well” (French 2012: 19). &#13;
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              <text>Cures sore feet and eyes, back ache, eye disorders. To cure sore feet or eyes, “people washed in the stream running from the well” (French 2012: 20). Also, “a bottle of water from the well protected a house particularly during thunderstorms” (French 2012: 20). </text>
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              <text>Rounds were made at the well on the 9 June. The well was also visited on the eight days after the saint’s day, making it a nine day pattern" (French 2012: 19).</text>
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              <text>“Strings and pieces of cloth were attached to the trees by visiting pilgrims. A mug was supplied at the well for drinking after completing the rounds” (French 2012: 19).</text>
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              <text>"Usually the Rosary was said as the people went around the well and knelt for each decade. There were five bushes around the well and each of these was a station and a decade of the Rosary was recited at each station. After the first round pilgrims took three drinks of water from the well” (French 2012: 19-20).&#13;
&#13;
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              <text>“It is said that St Colmcille was travelling from Kells to Monasterboice when he became thirsty. He drank from the spring, rested and then blessed the well” (French 2012: 18-19). &#13;
&#13;
“it was the usual custom of among old people in the parish to go to the well barefoot and not eat anything until they returned” (French 2012: 20). &#13;
&#13;
“Isaac Butler visited the well in 1774 and said that thousands of country people assembled there. He wrote that after a solemn service performed by several priests in the attendance ate, drank, and made merry. Football was played and sometimes great quarrels arose with several people going home with broken and sore limbs” (French 2012: 20). &#13;
&#13;
“In 1916 Fr. James Dolan C.C. Collon revived the custom of the rounds” (French 2012: 20).&#13;
&#13;
“A school child in the 1930s said there was ‘no authentic’ cure mentioned in connection to the well. Another schoolchild recorded that abuses had crept in and mostly young people went there for amusement. The last pattern was held in the late 1950s or early 1960s. the land was sold and reclaimed. The well was filled and the bushes surrounding it were removed in 1965 but memories of the well and pattern survived. Celebration of the pattern has been revived by the Broomfield &amp; District Resident Association in recent years” (French 2012: 20). &#13;
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              <text>In 1886, Thunder notes that “his well is situated within the Bishop’s Demesne at Ardbraccan” (Thunder 1886: 656). Additionally, “a drain was sunk in the boggy field in which is sprang, and thus diverted the sacred waters from the spot… which had been a place of devotion for many hundreds of years” (Thunder 1886: 656). &#13;
&#13;
In 2012, French writes that “St Ultan’s Well stands just outside the churchyard wall, within the demesne of Ardbraccan House. One of the sacred trees of Ireland, the Bile Torthain,, was said to have stood over the well in pagan times” (French 2012: 60). Additionally, French notes that “the well is quite large, more than nine feet in diameter…today the well is dry” (French 2012: 61).  Explosives used in zinc mining nearby have  disrupted  local acquifers.</text>
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 Archaeological Association of Ireland. Oct 1886-Jan 1887, pp 655-658. &#13;
&#13;
French, Noel. 2012. Meath Holy Wells. Trim: Meath Heritage Centre.  &#13;
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              <text>“St Ultan was the inspiration for St Ultan’s Hospital for Infants in Dublin. St Ultan’s Hospital was founded 1919 by Dr. Kathleen Lynn and Madeleine ffrench Mullen. Every year the hospital organized a pilgrimage to St Ultan’s Well. At the outset only women staffed the hospital. Dr. Lynn pioneered the use of the BCG vaccination over ten years before it came into general use in Ireland. In 1929 Dr. Lynn and St Ultan’s founded the world Irish Sweepstakes along with three other voluntary hospitals. St Ultan’a Hospital closed in 1975 due to the difficulties in obtaining dunding and it is now a private clinic. Margaret Ó hÓgartaigh wrote an article on St Ultan Hospital and its connections to Ardbraccan in the 2003 issue of Ríocht na Midhe. </text>
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              <text>Toothache and “eye complaints” (French 2012: 61). "To be cured of a toothache a pilgrim took a drink of the water. For a sore eye a cloth was dipped in the water and then rubbed to the eye. To cure sore feet they were washed in the water of the well” (French 2012: 61). </text>
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              <text>“Stations were held on the eve of St Ultan’s Day, 4 September, until 1850. In the 1920’s there was a revival of the pilgrimages to the well and in the 1950’s there was a regular ceremony at the well. The pattern day was the first of September each year. In the 1930’s there was a pilgrimage to St Ultan’s Well every year on the first Sunday in September and the Rosary was recited in Irish at the well” (French 2012: 61).&#13;
Well-attended annual gatherings still take place in the second decade of the twenty-first century.</text>
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              <text>“St Ultan succeeded St Breccan as abbot of Ardbraccan. He collected material for a biography of St Brigid, said to be his aunt. St Ultan fed, clothed, and educated 500 children orphaned by a yellow plague which carried off their parents. The Annals of Clonmacnoise placed St Ultan’s death in the year 653. The Annals of Clonmacnoise placed St Ultan’s death in the year 653. In 1210 King John visited Tiobraid Ultain on his progression through Ireland” (French 2012: 60). </text>
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              <text>Thunder, John M. “The Holy Wells of Meath.” The Journal of the Royal Historical and&#13;
 Archaeological Association of Ireland. Oct 1886-Jan 1887, pp 655-658. &#13;
&#13;
French, Noel. 2012. Meath Holy Wells. Trim: Trim Heritage Centre.</text>
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              <text>Completely overgrown in 2019.&#13;
&#13;
Located now behind a housing estate, in a small area fenced off from a field with cattle opposite the National School.&#13;
&#13;
Noel French described the superstructure as chiselled blocks of granite that form a dome  and a cross over the well (2012:1).</text>
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              <text>eyes (one must have the intention of being cured)--wash the eys with the water and say six Hail Marys (French, 2012:3).</text>
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              <text>March 17, the well is only sporadically visited now.</text>
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              <text>While domestic use of holy well water is generally prohibited and has dire results, water from this well used for cooking and tea is thought to prevent disease.&#13;
&#13;
The red color of the main flagstone is said to have derived its color from a cut St. Patrick suffered to his foot in teh vicinity. There are tiny holes on another associated stone which were said to be St. Patrick's thumb print and big toe print (French, 2012:2).</text>
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              <text>The well “is situated on a very poor draining, waterlogged green area within the Rosepark housing estate in the village of Balrothery” (Branigan 2012:47). The original well was destroyed in 2003, but rebuilt partially later. “All that remains now is a closed circular steel grill which looks down into a large concrete shaft full of stagnant, stinking, and litter-strewn water; this is also poorly drained and a constant trickle of water is to be seen running down the road in the adjacent to Clock Choirnéal estate” (Branigan 2012:48). </text>
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              <text>Branigan notes that “St Cronan’s Well is located at the edge of a field currently under tillage to the south-west of the ruined Glasmore Abbey in the Cianlea housing estate, north-west of Swords” (Branigan 2012:42). He also writes that “the Holy Well is accessed via a small muddy pathway from the green area at Lioscian, and by following the stream to its source. It is a large rectangular earthen enclosure covered in grass and bull rushes, and best viewed in the evening sun” (Branigan 2012:42).</text>
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              <text>"The well traditionally supplied the local Glasmore Abbey with its water, and is dedicated to St. Cronan who was the abbot there. He was killed in a Danish Raid when the abbey was destroyed in the seventh century” (Branigan 2012:42). </text>
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              <text>According to Branigan, “MacCullin’s Well is located in the back garden of the Barrack House on Barrack land in the village of Lusk” (Branigan 2012:40). The well “has been rebuilt in the form of a wishing well” (Branigan 2012:40).  </text>
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